Bibliography

The following is a selection of titles found useful during the preparation of this handbook.

  • Amphibian and Reptile Conservation. 2009. Common toads and roads: guidance for planners and highways engineers (England). Booklet, published by Amphibian and Reptile Conservation.

  • Association of Wetland Stewards for Clayoquot and Barkley Sounds. 2014. New fences to guide amphibians to the tunnel. https://splatfrogtunnel.blogspot.com/2014/08/new-fences-to-guide-amphibians-to-tunnel.html (Accessed Oct. 20, 2019).

  • Aresco, M.J. 2005. Mitigation measures to reduce highway mortality of turtles and other herpetofauna at a north Florida lake. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:549–560.

  • Barton and Kinkead. 2005. Do erosion control and snakes mesh?. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation - J SOIL WATER CONSERV. 60.

  • Baxter-Gilbert, JH, JL Riley, D Lesbarrères and JD Litzgus. 2015. Mitigating reptile road mortality: fence failures compromise ecopassage effectiveness. PLOS ONE 10(3), p.e0120537.

  • Beasley, B. 2018a. Designing effective barriers to reduce road mortality and guide amphibians to crossing structures on Highway 4 on the west coast of Vancouver Island. Part 2: BACI design to test roadside HDPE fencing. Abstract and poster presented at the Herpetofauna and Roads Workshop II, B.C. Ministry of Environment, Kamloops, B.C., Sept. 21, 2018.

  • Brehme, CS and RN. Fisher. 2021. Research to Inform Caltrans Best Management Practices for Reptile and Amphibian Road Crossings. USGS Cooperator Report to California Department of Transportation, Division of Research, Innovation and System Information, 65A0553.

  • Catherine L. Proulx, Gabrielle Fortin, and Gabriel Blouin-Demers “Blanding’s Turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) Avoid Crossing Unpaved and Paved Roads,” Journal of Herpetology 48(2), 267-271, (1 June 2014). https://doi.org/10.1670/12-176

  • Clevenger, AP and MP Huijser. 2011. Wildlife Crossing Structure Handbook, Design and Evaluation in North America, Publication No. FHWA-CFL/TD-11-003. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington D.C., USA.

  • Dodd, K.J., W.J. Barichivich, and L.L. Smith. 2004. Effectiveness of a barrier wall and culverts in reducing wildlife mortality on a heavily traveled highway in Florida. Biological Conservation 118:619–631.

  • Fisher, R, D Stokes, C Rochester, C Brehme, S Hathaway and T Case. 2008. Herpetological monitoring using a pitfall trapping design in southern California. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods Vol. 2:A5. https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a5/pdf/tm2a5.pdf.

  • Gunson, KE, DC Seburn and D. Lesbarrères. 2014. Monitoring turtle movements on Highways 7 & 41; 2012 and 2013. Final report submitted to the Ministry of Transportation, Kingston, Ontario.

  • Hamer, AJ, TE Langton, and D Lesbarrères. 2015. Making a safe leap forward: mitigating road impacts on amphibians. Handbook of road ecology, Van Der Ree, R, DJ. Smith, and C Grilo (eds). Handbook of Road Ecology. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 261–270.

  • Helldin, J.O. and S.O. Petrovan. 2019. Effectiveness of small road tunnels and fences in reducing amphibian roadkill and barrier effects at retrofitted roads in Sweden. PeerJ 7:e7518. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7518.

  • Hopkins, CB, JS Johnson, SR Kuchta, , DS McAvoy, VD Popescu, SC Porter, WM Roosenburg, GP Sisson, BR Sperry, MT Trainer and RL Wiley. 2018. Effectiveness of Wildlife Mitigation Treatments along the Nelsonville Bypass (No. FHWA/OH-2018-8).

  • Hughes, D.F., Green, M.L., Warner, J.K. and Davidson, P.C. 2021, Evaluating Exclusion Barriers for Treefrogs in Agricultural Landscapes. Wildl. Soc. Bull. https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1168

  • Iuell, B., Bekker, G.J., Cuperus, R., Dufek, J., Fry, G., Hicks, C., Hlavác, V., Keller, V., B., Rosell, C., Sangwine, T., Tørsløv, ˇ N., Wandall, B. le Maire, (Eds.) 2003. Wildlife and Traffic: A European Handbook for Identifying Conflicts and Designing Solutions.

  • Jackson, S.D. and T.F. Tyning. 1989. Effectiveness of drift fences and tunnels for moving Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma maculatum under roads. In: Amphibians and Roads. Proceedings of the Toad Tunnel Conference. T.E.S. Langton, editor. ACO Polymer Products, Shefford, UK., pp. 93–99.

  • Langton, T.E.S. and A.P. Clevenger. 2021. Measures to Reduce Road Impacts on Amphibians and Reptiles in California. Best Management Practices and Technical Guidance. Prepared by Western Transportation Institute for California Department of Transportation, Division of Research, Innovation and System Information.

  • Langen, T.A. 2011. Design considerations and effectiveness of fencing for turtles: three case studies along northeastern New York State highways. In: Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation. P.J. Wagner, D. Nelson, and E. Murray (editors). Center for Transportation and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C., pp. 521-532.

  • Laura E. Robson and Gabriel Blouin-Demers “Eastern Hognose Snakes (Heterodon platirhinos) Avoid Crossing Paved Roads, but Not Unpaved Roads,” Copeia 2013(3), 507-511, (27 September 2013). https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-12-033

  • Malt, J. 2012. Assessing the effectiveness of amphibian mitigation on the Sea to Sky Highway: population-level effects and best management practices for minimizing highway impacts. Final report, Oct. 1, 2012. B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Surrey, B.C.

  • Ottburg, F.G.W.A., and E.A. van der Grift. 2013. Effectiveness of road mitigation for preserving a common toad population. Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation. Poster.

  • Peaden, J.M., A.J. Nowakowski, T.D. Tuberville, K.A. Buhlmann, and B.D. Todd. 2017. Effects of roads and roadside fencing on movements, space use, and carapace temperatures of a threatened tortoise. Biological Conservation 214:13–22.

  • Ruby, DE, JR Spotila, SK Martin and SJ Kemp. 1994. Behavioral responses to barriers by desert tortoises: implications for wildlife management. Herpetological Monographs 8: 144–160.

  • Semlitsch, RD. 2008. Differentiating migration and dispersal processes for pond breeding amphibians. Journal of Wildlife Management 72(1): 260–267.

  • Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations, 2016. Best Management Practices for Amphibian and Reptile Salvages in British Columbia. Version 1.0., June 2, 2016.

  • Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, 2020. Guidelines for Amphibian and Reptile Conservation during Road Building and Maintenance Activities in British Columbia. Version 1.0., March 30, 2020.

  • Milburn-Rodríguez JC, J Hathaway, K Gunson, D Moffat, S Béga and D Swensson. 2016. Road mortality mitigation: The effectiveness of Animex fencing versus mesh fencing. https://animexfencing.com/why-animex

  • Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry. April 2016. Best Management Practices for Mitigating the Effects of Roads on Amphibians and Reptile Species at Risk in Ontario. Queen’s Printer for Ontario.

  • van der Ree, R, JW Gagnon and DJ Smith. 2015. Fencing: a valuable tool for reducing wildlifevehicle collisions and funneling fauna to crossing structures. Handbook of Road Ecology. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 159–171.

  • Woltz, H.W., J.P. Gibbs, and P.K. Ducey. 2008. Road crossing structures for amphibians and reptiles: informing design through behavioral analysis. Biological Conservation 141:2745–2750.

  • Yorks DT, Sievert PR. 2015 Tunnel and Fencing Options for Reducing Road Mortalities of Freshwater Turtles. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/36355.