Fencing Specifications
Getting Started
What makes a fence for small animals so unique?
This section provides a selection of detailed specifications that can be copied and included in project documentation such as tenders, reports and on-site training flyers.
It is important to understand that although you may be considering a fence for a particular species, the chances are that there are many other species present that will be impacted by the fencing. All the specifications in this document consider multiple species applications but, if you are targeting multiple species specifically, you should choose the tallest of the recommended fences.
Example: Salamander = AMX40 + Large Lizard = AMX48
Project Needs = AMX48
Before looking at the detailed drawings it is important to understand some key aspects of wildlife fencing for reptiles, amphibians and small mammals. We need to identify what makes them different from other fences as well as highlighting important aspects that are key to making them effective
Top Lip Design
Research shows that including a top “anti-climb lip” to fences increases their effectiveness for particular species. Although there is a common preference for using an “L” shaped lip, some research demonstrates that an upside down “U” shape lip may be more beneficial. Based on this information all drawings in this section will include a standard “U” shaped top lip comprising a 4in (10cm) top section with a 2in (5cm) downward element (6in / 150mm total). The exact size of this can be adapted if you feel it is appropriate for your project.
Below Ground Depth & Designs
There is a growing concern that the shallowness of fences dug into the earth contributes to fences being less effective. We have standardized all drawings to include a depth of 8in (20cm) with a 4in (10cm) bottom lip folded towards the direction animals are expected to encounter the fence. This average depth and bottom lip can be adapted if you feel it is appropriate for your project but should be done with caution. Contractors should be held accountable for trying to decrease trench depth and must ensure back fill is compacted appropriately. A shallow trench and lumpy back fill can allow animals to easily burrow under the fence and enter unwanted areas.
Shelters
In some climates ambient temperature changes may occur along a fence line. Further research is needed to explore what effect this may have on animals but for good practice, shelters should be placed periodically along a fence to provide unexposed refuge areas. Our standard recommendations state shelters should be placed no greater than 30ft (10m) apart. The exact spacing and size of the shelters can be adapted if it is appropriate for your project. Consideration should also be made to the color of the fence, however lighter colors degrade quicker than dark due to UV so always consult to determine which option is best for your projects needs.
Joining Sections
It is surprising how small gaps between overlapped fencing materials can allow for animals to get through or becoming trapped. It is extremely important to make sure when connecting sections of fencing to each other or to other structures such as culverts, or crossings that there is a good seal.
Posts
Support post types have not been specified as these can vary but some common ones are T-posts & various types of wooden posts (square, round, half round).
Timing
It is not advised to install fences during times when animals are anticipated to be within, or in close proximity to the working area. Considerations should also be made to material properties and installing during extreme hot or cold temperatures is not recommended.
